A cartoon from Molla Nasreddin (Baku, 1907),
Gaspirali's opponents, the Russian government
and the Islamic establishment.
Source: C. Seidahmet, Gaspirali Ismail Bey (1934).

The 25th anniversary party for Tercüman,
Bahçesaray, 1908.
Source: Hablemitoğlu & Hablemitoğlu, p. 420.

Masthead of Tercüman (Interpreter),
the newspaper Gaspirali founded in 1883.
Source: C. Seidahmet, Gaspirali Ismail Bey (1934).

Masthead of Alem-i Nisvan (Women's World),
founded by Gaspirali in 1906 and edited by his daughter Şefika.
Courtesy of Fikret Yurter (Commack, New York).

Title Page of Hoca-i Sibyan (Teacher of Children),
A popular primer used in "new method" schools.
Courtesy of Kemal Altintaş (Ankara, Turkey).

Gaspirali's publishing house in Bahçesaray, 1998,
Currently under renovation.
Courtesy of Inci Bowman (Washington, DC).

Plaque on Gaspirali's publishing house, 1998.
The inscription reads: The great Crimean Tatar leader, publisher and editor of Tercüman Ismail Bey Gaspirali worked in this building from 1883 to 1914.
Courtesy of Inci Bowman (Washington, DC).

The Zincirli Medrese in Bahçesaray,
the famous institution of learning, established in the 16th century.
Courtesy of the Rebirth of Crimea Foundation, Bahçesaray.

Door of the Zincirli Medrese.
The Medrese takes its name from the chain hanging on the door.
Courtesy of the Rebirth of Crimea Foundation, Bahçesaray.

Detail of an oil portrait of Ismail Bey Gaspirali.
Courtesy of American Association of Crimean Tatars,
Brooklyn, New York.